Gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda

Gukomera

Umuyoboro w'icyuma udakunze gukoreshwa brinell, Rockwell, Vickers ibipimo bitatu byerekana ubukana kugirango bapime ubukana bwayo.

Gukomera kwa Brinell

Muburyo bwicyuma kitagira umuyonga, ubukana bwa brinell nabwo bukoreshwa cyane, akenshi kuri diameter ya indentation kugirango bugaragaze ubukana bwibintu, byombi kandi byoroshye.Ariko, ntibikwiriye imiyoboro ikomeye cyangwa yoroheje.

Gukomera kwa Rockwell

Ikizamini gikomeye cya Rockwell cyumuringa wicyuma ni kimwe nikizamini cya brinell, nuburyo bwo gupima indentation.Itandukaniro nuko ripima ubujyakuzimu bwa indentation.Ikizamini cyo gukomera kwa Rockwell nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe, muri bwo HRC iri ku mwanya wa kabiri nyuma ya Brinell gukomera HB mu byuma by’icyuma.Ubukomezi bwa Rockwell burashobora gukoreshwa kugirango hamenyekane kuva mubintu byoroshye cyane kugeza kubikoresho byicyuma cyane, bigizwe nuburyo bwa Brinell ntabwo, bworoshye kuruta uburyo bwa brinell, burashobora kuba buturutse kumashini yimashini ikomeretsa soma agaciro gakomeye.Ariko, kubera indentasiyo ntoya, agaciro gakomeye ntabwo kukuri nkuburyo bwa buchwald.

Vickers gukomera

Icyuma kitagira umuyonga Icyuma gikomeye cya Vickers nuburyo bwo gupima indentation, burashobora gukoreshwa kugirango hamenyekane ubukana bwibikoresho byoroheje cyane kandi byubatswe hejuru.Ifite ibyiza byingenzi byuburyo bwa Brinell na Rockwell kandi bunesha ibibi byabo byibanze, ariko ntabwo byoroshye nkuburyo bwa Rockwell kandi ntibikoreshwa gake mubipimo byicyuma.

Ikizamini gikomeye

Diameter y'imbere y'umuyoboro w'icyuma utarenga 6.0mm, naho uburebure bw'urukuta ntiburi munsi ya 13mm.Umuyoboro wicyuma udafite ingese urashobora kugeragezwa na W-B75 Ubwoko bwa Wechsler.Nibyihuta cyane kandi byoroshye, kandi birakwiriye kugenzurwa byihuse kandi bidashobora kugenzura imiyoboro idafite ibyuma.Umuyoboro w'icyuma umuyoboro w'imbere uruta 30mm, uburebure bw'urukuta burenze 1,2mm umuyoboro w'icyuma, igerageza rya rockwell, igerageza HRB, ubukana bwa HRC.Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ifite diameter y'imbere irenze 30mm n'ubugari bw'urukuta ruri munsi ya 1,2mm byageragejwe kuburemere bwa HRT cyangwa HRN hejuru yubushakashatsi bwa Rockwell.Ku miyoboro idafite ibyuma idafite diameter y'imbere iri munsi ya 0mm na hejuru ya 4.8mm, igerageza rya rockwell rikoreshwa mugupima ubukana bwa HR15T.Iyo umurambararo wimbere wumuyoboro wicyuma utarenze 26mm, urashobora kandi gukoresha Rockwell cyangwa hejuru yubushakashatsi bwa Rockwell kugirango ugerageze ubukana bwurukuta rwimbere rwumuyoboro.

Iterambere ryibyuma

Impera zombi zicyiciro cyo gufungura no gutobora, hamwe nuburebure bwacyo nigice cyizengurutsa ibyuma binini, birashobora kwitwa umuyoboro wibyuma.Iyo uburebure nigice kizengurutswe ari gito, birashobora kwitwa igice cyumuyoboro cyangwa imiyoboro ya pipe, byose biri mubyiciro byibicuruzwa.

Mu myaka irenga 60, abubatsi bagiye bakoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda kugirango bubake ibiciro bihoraho.Inyubako nyinshi zihari zerekana neza ukuri kw'iri hitamo.Bimwe ni imitako cyane, nk'inyubako ya Chrysler mu mujyi wa New York.Ariko mubindi bikorwa byinshi, ibyuma bidafite ingese bigira uruhare rudasanzwe ariko rukomeye mubyiza no mumikorere yinyubako.Ibyuma bitagira umwanda, kurugero, nibikoresho byo guhitamo kubashushanya bubaka inzira nyabagendwa ahantu nyabagendwa cyane kuko irwanya kwangirika no gukora kurusha ibindi byuma byubugari bumwe.

Ibyuma bidafite ingese byakoreshejwe nkibikoresho byubaka inyubako nshya no gusana ahantu h'amateka mu myaka irenga 70.Ibishushanyo byambere byari bishingiye kumahame shingiro yo kubara.Uyu munsi, ibisobanuro byashushanyije, nka ANSI / ASCE-8-90 "Amategeko agenga igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubukonje bwakozwe mu bice bikonjesha" hamwe n’igitabo cyitwa "Structural Stainless Steel Design Manual" cyasohowe na NiDI na Euro Inox, cyoroheje igishushanyo mbonera kuramba, kubungabungwa neza ibice byububiko.

Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bitagira umwanda ni igice cy’ingenzi mu bukungu bwoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa, bugira uruhare runini mu kuzamura ubukungu bw’Ubushinwa, ariko ukurikije uko ubushinwa bwifashe mu bucuruzi bw’ibyuma by’Ubushinwa, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu byuma by’Ubushinwa byahuye n’ibitotezo byinshi.

Kuva mu mwaka ushize, mu mahanga bakunze kuza mu bicuruzwa bikozwe mu cyuma bidafite umwanda mu Bushinwa "double reverse", bifite uruhare runini mu nganda zitera ibyuma mu Bushinwa, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ni igice cyiza mu iterambere ry’inganda zidafite ingese mu gihugu cyacu. , mu iterambere ry’inganda rifite umugabane munini ku isoko, mu gihe ubukungu bwifashe nabi, umuvuduko w’iterambere uratinda, Iterambere ry’inganda z’icyuma mu gihugu cyacu rigomba guhora ritezimbere ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa, kurushaho guteza imbere ubucuruzi bw’amahanga no kurwanya ubucuruzi, ibicuruzwa no kurengera ibidukikije, umutungo w’ingufu, ibidukikije by’ubumuntu, bizamura irushanwa ry’ibicuruzwa bitagira umwanda, gusa muri ubu buryo birashobora guhagarara neza mu bucuruzi bw’amahanga.